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In the design of CNC machining technology, the shortest machining path should be designed to improve the efficiency of numerical control machining. At the same time, the roughness of the workpiece surface and the workpiece accuracy should also be ensured. This can reduce the number of program segments and reduce idle time. For example, when milling flat contour parts on a CNC milling machine, a side cutter of a vertical milling cutter can be used for cutting.
In the operation process, if the milling cutter cuts along the normal direction of the outer contour of the workpiece, scratches will be left on the surface of the workpiece. Therefore, when milling the outer contour of the workpiece, attention should be paid to cutting into or out of the workpiece. The milling cutter must cut away along the extension of the outer contour curve of the workpiece to ensure the smoothness of the workpiece surface.
At the same time, when milling the surface of the inner contour of the workpiece, attention should be paid to the cutting method of the tool. The cutting-in and cutting-out points of the tool should be selected in the tangential direction, so as to improve the smoothness and accuracy of the inner surface of the part.
In addition, for point-control numerical control machine tool, the shortest machining path should be selected, especially for point-group parts. When planning the tool path, the sum of the empty travel routes should be minimized to reduce the number of program segments and idle time, thereby improving the efficiency of numerical control machining.
In the CNC machining process, cutting machining, surface treatment, cleaning, and inspection will directly affect the machining quality of the workpiece, and even affect the machining cost and production efficiency of the product. Therefore, it is important to arrange the machining sequence. To ensure the unity of the benchmark, minimize the time occupied by the machine, and minimize the number of clamping times.
CNC precision machining process design engineers can use CAD technology to program the machining sequence. CNC precision machining process design engineers can import relevant process methods and process parameters into the programming system, output numerical control machining information by the programming system, and then carry out machining and design, thereby shortening the product production cycle, optimizing enterprise product design, and improving economic efficiency.
To determine the cutting amount, attention needs to be paid to the back cutting amount, spindle speed, and feed rate. Different machining methods should correspond to the corresponding cutting amounts.
When rough machining, select as large a back cutting amount as possible to cut the tool edge in the inner layer and avoid the surface of the workpiece from becoming uneven. According to the rigidity of the part, select the largest possible feed rate. According to the experience of the upfield time, determine the best cutting speed within the allowable range of cutting speed in the machine tool manual.
In semi-precision and precision machining of parts, the back cutting amount should be determined based on the remaining margin after rough machining. A smaller feed rate should be selected based on the roughness of the workpiece surface to ensure machining accuracy. Appropriate cutting speeds should be selected according to the manual on cutting amounts. Therefore, the CNC machining process design institute should be familiar with the principles of cutting amounts in numerical control machining, choose reasonable cutting amounts based on the production situation on site, so as to ensure the machining quality and efficiency of the parts, and give full play to the advantages of numerical control machine tools, thereby improving the economic efficiency of enterprises.
