Factors Affecting CNC Machining

CNC machining programming technology

The determination of the origin of compiler and programming processing technology of CNC machine tool programmers have an impact on the machinability of the machine tool.

• In CNC precision machining, the confirmation of the origin of the compiler of the machine tool will affect the machining of the CNC machine tool. When the numerical control machine tool is working, the coordinates of the machining part should be compiled by the programmer according to the shape and characteristics of the part. If the origin of the compiler is not accurate, it will cause errors in the entire machining program and thus affect the quality of the workpiece.

  
  

  Therefore, in the machining process, CNC machine tool programmers need to focus on confirming the origin of the compiler of the numerical control machine tool, and also to check the process of the machined parts to avoid errors caused by inaccurate compiler origins.

  
  

• The programming data processing technology in CNC machining also affects the machining quality of the numerical control machine tool. If the data processing is not accurate, it will cause errors in the production process of the workpiece and affect the quality of the workpiece.

  
  

  For example, if the relevant personnel do not take into account the shape and size of the workpiece during the machining process, it will cause machining errors, even causing the entire workpiece to be scrapped.

  
  

  For parts with high precision and complex shapes, the programmer should check their machining benchmarks and calculation benchmarks in order to ensure that the accuracy of the numerical control machine tool is improved and the quality of the workpiece is enhanced.

The precision of CNC machining machine tools

The factors influencing the CNC machine tool machining process are diverse, mainly including the geometric error of the machine tool, the thermal deformation error of the machine tool, and the servo feed system error. From these influencing factors, the servo feed system error and the geometric error of the machine tool are common factors that affect product quality to a certain extent.

• In CNC machining, the control of the position of the numerical control machine tool is mainly determined by the servo motor driving the ball screw. If there is an error in the transmission of the screw, it will affect the positioning accuracy of the entire machine tool.

  
  

  Therefore, in actual work, if the servo motor screw moves in the reverse direction, it will not only affect the machining accuracy, but also cause the numerical control machine tool to idle due to the occurrence of clearance, resulting in errors.

  
  

• In CNC precision machining, numerical control machine tools are also easily affected by external forces, which can cause elastic deformation of their moving parts and exacerbate the problem of numerical control machine tool errors.

  
  

  For example, during the machining process, if the cutting tool is subjected to external force, it will cause deformation, thereby reducing the geometric accuracy of the machine tool and causing the machined parts not to meet the specifications. This is known as "letting the knife", which is one of the reasons for the problem of machine tool accuracy.

  
  

• The geometric error of the numerical control machine tool in CNC precision machining is determined by the guide rail, the base of the machine tool, and other structures of the machine tool. If the design of the machine tool is not precise enough, it will increase the weight of the machine tool during operation, thereby affecting the accuracy of the product. For example, choosing guide rails with weak load carrying capacity during the design process will cause precision problems in the machining process of the machine tool under high-speed movement conditions.

The tool parameters of CNC machining

In the machining process of the numerical control machine tool, factors affecting the quality of CNC machining include geometric parameters such as the tip of the turning tool, the radius of the arc, the main inclination angle, and the deviation of the cutting tool tip from the center of the part, and these factors will affect the roughness of the part and the service life of the cutting tool.

For example, when the main inclination angle is too large, it will affect the accuracy of the entire CNC machine tool machining. Therefore, it is necessary to control parameters such as the main inclination angle, arc radius, and height during the operation of the numerical control machine tool.